uroxatral
Generic Name: (
alfuzosin hydrochloride)
Dosage Type: tablet, extended release Organization: sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC
DESCRIPTION
Each UROXATRAL (alfuzosin
HCl extended-release tablets) tablet contains 10 mg alfuzosin hydrochloride
as the active ingredient. Alfuzosin hydrochloride is a white to off-white
crystalline powder that melts at approximately 240°C. It is freely
soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and practically insoluble
in dichloromethane.
Alfuzosin hydrochloride is (R,S)-N-[3-[(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)
methylamino] propyl] tetrahydro-2-furancarboxamide hydrochloride.
The empirical formula of alfuzosin hydrochloride is C19H27N5O4•HCl. The molecular
weight of alfuzosin hydrochloride is 425.9. Its structural formula
is:
The tablet also contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal
silicon dioxide (NF), ethylcellulose (NF), hydrogenated castor oil
(NF), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (USP), magnesium stearate (NF),
mannitol (USP), microcrystalline cellulose (NF), povidone (USP), and
yellow ferric oxide (NF).
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
The symptoms associated
with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) such as urinary frequency,
nocturia, weak stream, hesitancy and incomplete emptying are related
to two components, anatomical (static) and functional (dynamic).
The static component is related to the prostate size. Prostate size
alone does not correlate with symptom severity. The dynamic component
is a function of the smooth muscle tone in the prostate and its capsule,
the bladder neck, and the bladder base as well as the prostatic urethra.
The smooth muscle tone is regulated by alpha-adrenergic receptors.
Alfuzosin exhibits selectivity for alpha1-adrenergic receptors
in the lower urinary tract. Blockade of these adrenoreceptors can
cause smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate to relax, resulting
in an improvement in urine flow and a reduction in symptoms of BPH.
UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl extended-release)
is a selective antagonist of post-synaptic alpha1-adrenoreceptors,
which are located in the prostate, bladder base, bladder neck, prostatic
capsule, and prostatic urethra.
Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics
of UROXATRAL have been evaluated in adult healthy male volunteers
after single and/or multiple administration with daily doses ranging
from 7.5 mg to 30 mg, and in patients with BPH at doses from 7.5 mg
to 15 mg.
Absorption
The absolute
bioavailability of UROXATRAL 10 mg tablets under fed conditions is
49%. Following multiple dosing of 10 mg UROXATRAL under fed conditions,
the time to maximum concentration is 8 hours.
Cmax and AUC0-24 are 13.6 (SD = 5.6) ng/mL
and 194 (SD = 75) ng.h/mL, respectively. UROXATRAL exhibits linear
kinetics following single and multiple dosing up to 30 mg. Steady-state
plasma levels are reached with the second dose of UROXATRAL administration.
Steady-state alfuzosin plasma concentrations are 1.2- to 1.6-fold
higher than those observed after a single administration.
Effect of Food
As illustrated
in Figure 1, the extent of absorption is 50% lower under fasting conditions.
Therefore, UROXATRAL should be taken immediately following a meal.
(See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)
Figure 1 – Mean (SEM) Alfuzosin Plasma Concentration-Time
Profiles after a Single Administration of UROXATRAL 10 mg tablets
to 8 Healthy Middle-Aged Male Volunteers in Fed and Fasted States
Distribution
The volume
of distribution following intravenous administration in healthy male
middle-aged volunteers was 3.2 L/kg. Results of in vitro studies indicate that alfuzosin
is moderately bound to human plasma proteins (82% to 90%), with linear
binding over a wide concentration range (5 to 5,000 ng/mL).
Metabolism
Alfuzosin
undergoes extensive metabolism by the liver, with only 11% of the
administered dose excreted unchanged in the urine. Alfuzosin is metabolized
by three metabolic pathways: oxidation, O-demethylation, and N-dealkylation.
The metabolites are not pharmacologically active. CYP3A4 is the
principal hepatic enzyme isoform involved in its metabolism.
Excretion and Elimination
Following
oral administration of 14C-labeled alfuzosin solution,
the recovery of radioactivity after 7 days (expressed as a percentage
of the administered dose) was 69% in feces and 24% in urine. Following
oral administration of UROXATRAL 10 mg tablets, the apparent elimination
half-life is 10 hours.
Special Populations
Elderly
In a pharmacokinetic
assessment during phase 3 clinical studies in patients with BPH, there
was no relationship between peak plasma concentrations of alfuzosin
and age. However, trough levels were positively correlated with age.
The concentrations in subjects =75 years of age were approximately
35% greater than in those below 65 years of age.
Patients with Renal Impairment
The Pharmacokinetic
profiles of UROXATRAL 10 mg tablets in subjects with normal renal
function (CLCR>80 mL/min), mild impairment (CLCR 60 to 80 mL/min), moderate impairment (CLCR 30 to 59
mL/min), and severe impairment (CLCR <30 mL/min) were
compared. These clearances were calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault
formula. Relative to subjects with normal renal function, the mean
Cmax and AUC values were increased by approximately 50%
in patients with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment. (See PRECAUTIONS,
Renal Insufficiency).
Patients with Hepatic Insufficiency
In patients
with moderate or severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh categories
B and C), the plasma apparent clearance (CL/F) was reduced to approximately
one-third to one-fourth that observed in healthy subjects. This reduction
in clearance results in three to four-fold higher plasma concentrations
of alfuzosin in these patients compared to healthy subjects. Therefore,
UROXATRAL is contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe hepatic
impairment (See CONTRAINDICATIONS).
The pharmacokinetics of UROXATRAL have not been studied in patients
with mild hepatic insufficiency. (See PRECAUTIONS, Hepatic Insufficiency).
Drug-Drug Interactions
Metabolic interactions
CYP3A4 is
the principal hepatic enzyme isoform involved in the metabolism of
alfuzosin.
Potent CYP3A4 inhibitors
Repeated administration of 400 mg of ketoconazole, a potent inhibitor
of CYP3A4, increased alfuzosin Cmax 2.3-fold and AUClast 3.2-fold following a single 10 mg dose of alfuzosin.
Therefore, UROXATRAL should not be co-administered with potent inhibitors
of CYP3A4 because exposure is increased, (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole,
or ritonavir). (See CONTRAINDICATIONS).
Moderate CYP3A4
inhibitors
Diltiazem
Repeated co-administration of 240 mg/day of diltiazem, a moderately-potent
inhibitor of CYP3A4, with 7.5 mg/day (2.5 mg three times daily) alfuzosin
(equivalent to the exposure with UROXATRAL) increased the Cmax and AUC0-24 of alfuzosin 1.5- and 1.3-fold, respectively.
Alfuzosin increased the Cmax and AUC0-12 of
diltiazem 1.4-fold. Although no changes in blood pressure were observed
in this study, diltiazem is an antihypertensive medication and the
combination of UROXATRAL and antihypertensive medications has the
potential to cause hypotension in some patients. (See WARNINGS).
In human liver microsomes, at concentrations that are achieved at
the therapeutic dose, alfuzosin did not inhibit CYP1A2, 2A6, 2C9,
2C19, 2D6 or 3A4 isoenzymes. In primary culture of human hepatocytes,
alfuzosin did not induce CYP1A, 2A6 or 3A4 isoenzymes.
Other interactions
Warfarin
Multiple dose administration of an immediate release tablet formulation
of alfuzosin 5 mg twice daily for six days to six healthy male volunteers
did not affect the pharmacological response to a single 25 mg oral
dose of warfarin.
Digoxin
Repeated co-administration of UROXATRAL 10 mg tablets and digoxin
0.25 mg/day for 7 days did not influence the steady-state pharmacokinetics
of either drug.
Cimetidine
Repeated administration of 1 g/day cimetidine increased both alfuzosin
Cmax and AUC values by 20%.
Atenolol
Single administration of 100 mg atenolol with a single dose of 2.5
mg of an immediate release alfuzosin tablet in eight healthy young
male volunteers increased alfuzosin Cmax and AUC values
by 28% and 21%, respectively. Alfuzosin increased atenolol Cmax and AUC values by 26% and 14%, respectively. In this study,
the combination of alfuzosin with atenolol caused significant reductions
in mean blood pressure and in mean heart rate. (See WARNINGS.)
Hydrochlorothiazide
Single administration of 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide did not modify
the pharmacokinetic parameters of alfuzosin. There was no evidence
of pharmacodynamic interaction between alfuzosin and hydrochlorothiazide
in the 8 patients in this study.
Electrophysiology
The effect of 10
mg and 40 mg alfuzosin on QT interval was evaluated in a double-blind,
randomized, placebo and active-controlled (moxifloxacin 400 mg), 4-way
crossover single dose study in 45 healthy white male subjects aged
19 to 45 years. The QT interval was measured at the time of peak
alfuzosin plasma concentrations. The 40 mg dose of alfuzosin was
chosen because this dose achieves higher blood levels than those achieved
with the co-administration of UROXATRAL and ketoconazole 400 mg.
Table 1 summarizes the effect on uncorrected QT and mean corrected
QT interval (QTc) with different methods of correction (Fridericia,
population-specific, and subject-specific correction methods) at the
time of peak alfuzosin plasma concentrations. No single one of these
correction methodologies is known to be more valid. The mean change
of heart rate associated with a 10 mg dose of alfuzosin in this study
was 5.2 beats/minute and 5.8 beats/minute with 40 mg alfuzosin. The
change in heart rate with moxifloxacin was 2.8 beats/minute.
Table
1. Mean QT and QTc changes in msec (95% CI) from baseline at Tmax (relative to placebo) with different methodologies to correct
for effect of heart rate.
| Drug/Dose |
QT |
Fridericia method |
Population-specific method |
Subject-specific method |
|---|
|
|
Alfuzosin
10 mg |
-5.8
(-10.2, -1.4) |
4.9
(0.9, 8.8) |
1.8
(-1.4, 5.0) |
1.8
(-1.3, 5.0) |
Alfuzosin
40 mg |
-4.2
(-8.5, 0.2) |
7.7
(1.9, 13.5) |
4.2
(-0.6, 9.0) |
4.3
(-0.5, 9.2) |
| Moxifloxacin* 400 mg |
6.9
(2.3, 11.5) |
12.7
(8.6, 16.8) |
11.0
(7.0, 15.0) |
11.1
(7.2, 15.0) |
The QT effect
appeared greater for 40 mg compared to 10 mg alfuzosin. The effect
of the highest alfuzosin dose (four times the therapeutic dose) studied
did not appear as large as that of the active control moxifloxacin
at its therapeutic dose. This study, however, was not designed to
make direct statistical comparisons between the drugs or the dose
levels. There has been no signal of Torsade de Pointes in the extensive
post-marketing experience with alfuzosin outside the United States.
A separate post-marketing QT study evaluated the effect
of the co-administration of 10 mg alfuzosin with a drug of similar
QT effect size. In this study, the mean placebo-substracted QTcF increase
of alfuzosin 10 mg alone was 1.9 msec (upperbound 95% CI, 5.5 msec).
The concomitant administration of the two drugs showed an increased
QT effect when compared with either drug alone. This QTcF increase
[5.9 msec (UB 95% CI, 9.4 msec)] was not more than additive. Although
this study was not designed to make direct statistical comparisons
between drugs, the QT increase with both drugs given together appeared
to be lower than the QTcF increase seen with the positive control
moxifloxacin 400 mg [10.2 msec (UB 95% CI, 13.8 msec)]. The clinical
impact of these QTc changes is unknown.
Clinical Studies
Three randomized
placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-arm, 12-week studies were
conducted with the 10 mg daily dose of alfuzosin. In these three
studies, 1,608 patients [mean age 64.2 years, range 49-92 years; Caucasian
(96.1%), Black (1.6%), Asian (1.1%), Other (1.2%) were randomized
and 473 patients received UROXATRAL 10 mg daily. Table 1 provides
the results of the three studies that evaluated the 10 mg dose.
There were two primary
efficacy variables in these three studies. The International Prostate
Symptom Score (IPSS, or AUA Symptom Score) consists of seven questions
that assess the severity of both irritative (frequency, urgency, nocturia)
and obstructive (incomplete emptying, stopping and starting, weak
stream, and pushing or straining) symptoms, with possible scores ranging
from 0 to 35. The second efficacy variable was peak urinary flow
rate. The peak flow rate was measured just prior to the next dose
in study 2 and on average at 16 hours post-dosing in studies 1 and
3.
There was
a statistically significant reduction from baseline to last assessment
(Week 12) in the IPSS versus placebo in all three studies, indicating
a reduction in symptom severity (Table 2 and Figures 2, 3, and 4).
Table
2 — Mean Change (SD) from Baseline to week 12 in International
Prostate Symptom Score in Three Randomized, Controlled, Double Blind
Studies
| Symptom Score |
Study 1 |
Study 2 |
Study 3 |
|---|
| Placebo (n=167) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=170) |
Placebo (n=152) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=137) |
Placebo (n=150) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=151) |
|---|
|
|
| Total symptom score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Baseline |
18.2 (6.4) |
18.2 (6.3) |
17.7 (4.1) |
17.3 (3.5) |
17.7 (5.0) |
18.0 (5.4) |
| Change* |
-1.6 (5.8) |
-3.6 (4.8) |
-4.9 (5.9) |
-6.9 (4.9) |
-4.6 (5.8) |
-6.5 (5.2) |
| p-value |
0.001 |
0.002 |
0.007 |
Figure
2 — Mean Change from Baseline in Total Symptom Score, by Visit:
Study 1
Figure
3 — Mean Change from Baseline in Total Symptom Score, by Visit:
Study 2
Figure
4 — Mean Change from Baseline in Total Symptom Score, by Visit:
Study 3
Peak urinary flow rate was increased statistically significantly
from baseline to last assessment (Week 12) versus placebo in studies
1 and 2 (Table 3 and Figures 5, 6, and 7).
Table 3 — Mean (SD) from Baseline in Peak
Urine Flow Rate (mL/sec) in Three Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind
Studies
|
Study 1 |
Study 2 |
Study 3 |
|---|
| Placebo (n=167) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=170) |
Placebo (n=147) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=136) |
Placebo (n=150) |
UROXATRAL 10 mg (n=136) |
|---|
|
|
| Mean Peak flow rate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Baseline |
10.2 (4.0) |
9.9 (3.9) |
9.2 (2.0) |
9.4 (1.9) |
9.3 (2.6) |
9.5 (3.0) |
| Change* |
0.2 (3.5) |
1.7 (4.2) |
1.4 (3.2) |
2.3 (3.6) |
0.9 (3.0) |
1.5 (3.3) |
| p-value |
0.0004 |
0.03 |
0.22 |
Figure
5 — Mean Change from Baseline in Peak Urine Flow Rate (mL/s),
by Visit: Study 1
Figure
6 — Mean Change from Baseline in Peak Urine Flow Rate (mL/s),
by Visit: Study 2
Figure
7 — Mean Change from Baseline in Peak Urine Flow Rate (mL/s),
by Visit: Study 3
Mean total IPSS decreased
at the first scheduled observation at Day 28 and mean peak flow rate
increased starting at the first scheduled observation at Day 14 in
studies 2 and 3 and Day 28 in study 1.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl
extended-release tablets) is indicated for the treatment of the signs
and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UROXATRAL is not indicated
for the treatment of hypertension.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
UROXATRAL should not be
used in patients with moderate or severe hepatic insufficiency, (Childs-Pugh
categories B and C) since alfuzosin blood levels are increased in
these patients. (See CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY, Patients with Hepatic Insufficiency subsection.)
UROXATRAL should
not be co-administered with potent CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole,
itraconazole, and ritonavir, since alfuzosin blood levels are increased.
(See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY).
UROXATRAL (alfuzosin
HCl extended-release tablets) is contraindicated in patients known
to be hypersensitive to alfuzosin hydrochloride or any component of
UROXATRAL tablets.
WARNINGS
Postural hypotension with
or without symptoms (e.g., dizziness) may develop within a few hours
following administration of UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl extended-release
tablets). As with other alpha-blockers, there is a potential for syncope.
Patients should be warned of the possible occurrence of such events
and should avoid situations where injury could result should syncope
occur. Care should be taken when UROXATRAL is administered to patients
with symptomatic hypotension or patients who have had a hypotensive
response to other medications.
PRECAUTIONS
General
Prostatic Carcinoma
Carcinoma
of the prostate and BPH cause many of the same symptoms. These two
diseases frequently coexist. Therefore, patients thought to have
BPH should be examined prior to starting therapy with UROXATRAL (alfuzosin
HCl extended-release tablets) to rule out the presence of carcinoma
of the prostate.
Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS)
IFIS has
been observed during cataract surgery in some patients on or previously
treated with alpha-1 blockers. This variant of small pupil syndrome
is characterized by the combination of a flaccid iris that billows
in response to intraoperative irrigation currents, progressive intraoperative
miosis despite preoperative dilation with standard mydriatic drugs,
and potential prolapse of the iris toward the phacoemulsification
incisions. The patient's ophthalmologist should be prepared for
possible modifications to their surgical technique, such as the utilization
of iris hooks, iris dilator rings, or viscoelastic substances.
There does not
appear to be a benefit of stopping alpha-1 blocker therapy prior to
cataract surgery.
Drug-Drug Interactions
The pharmacokinetic
and pharmacodynamic interactions between UROXATRAL and other alpha-blockers
have not been determined. However, interactions may be expected,
and UROXATRAL should NOT be used in combination with other alpha-blockers.
Coronary Insufficiency
If symptoms
of angina pectoris should newly appear or worsen, UROXATRAL should
be discontinued.
Hepatic Insufficiency
UROXATRAL
should not be given to patients with moderate or severe hepatic insufficiency.
(See CONTRAINDICATIONS). The pharmacokinetics of
UROXATRAL have not been studied in patients with mild hepatic insufficiency
(See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Patients with Hepatic Insufficiency).
Renal Insufficiency
Systemic
exposure was increased by approximately 50% in pharmacokinetic studies
of patients with mild, moderate, and severe renal insufficiency (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Special Populations). In phase 3 studies, the safety profile of patients with mild
(n=172) or moderate (n=56) renal impairment was similar to the patients
with normal renal function in those studies. Safety data are available
in only a limited number of patients (n=6) with creatinine clearance
below 30 mL/min; therefore, caution should be exercised when UROXATRAL
is administered in patients with severe renal insufficiency.
Patients with Congenital or Acquired QT Prolongation
In a study
of QT effect in 45 healthy males (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Electrophysiology), the QT effect appeared less with alfuzosin 10 mg than with 40
mg, and the effect of alfuzosin 40 mg did not appear as large as that
of the active control moxifloxacin at its therapeutic dose. A post-marketing
study evaluating the effect of combining UROXATRAL with another drug
of comparable QT effect showed an increased effect when compared to
either drug alone. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Electrophysiology) Although this study was not designed to make direct statistical comparisons
between drugs, the QT increase with both drugs was no more than additive
and was lower than that of the active control moxifloxacin. These
observations should be considered in clinical decisions when prescribing
UROXATRAL for patients with a known history of QT prolongation or
patients who are taking medications which prolong the QT interval.
There has been no signal of Torsades de Pointe in the extensive post-marketing
experience with alfuzosin. There are no known PK/PD studies of the
effects of other alpha-blockers on cardiac repolarization.
Information for Patients
Patients should
be told about the possible occurrence of symptoms related to postural
hypotension, such as dizziness, when beginning UROXATRAL, and they
should be cautioned about driving, operating machinery, or performing
hazardous tasks during this period.
UROXATRAL should be taken with food and with the same meal each day.
Patients should be advised
not to crush or chew UROXATRAL tablets.
Laboratory Tests
No laboratory test
interactions with UROXATRAL tablets are known.
Pediatric Use
UROXATRAL is not
indicated for use in children.
Geriatric Use
Of the total number
of subjects in clinical studies of UROXATRAL, 48% were 65 years of
age and over, whereas 11% were 75 and over. No overall differences
in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and
younger subjects. (See CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY, Elderly subsection.)
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Impairment of Fertility
There was no evidence
of a drug-related increase in the incidence of tumors in mice following
dietary administration of 100 mg/kg/day alfuzosin for 98 weeks (13
and 15 times the level of exposure to humans based on AUC of unbound
drug) in females and males, respectively. The highest dose tested
in female mice may not have constituted a maximally tolerated dose.
Likewise, there was no evidence of a drug-related increase in the
incidence of tumors in rats following dietary administration of 100
mg/kg/day alfuzosin for 104 weeks (53 and 37 times the level of exposure
to humans based on AUC of unbound drug) in females and males, respectively.
Alfuzosin showed no evidence
of mutagenic effect in the Ames and mouse lymphoma assays, and was
free of any clastogenic effects in the Chinese hamster ovary cell
and in vivo mouse micronucleus
assays. Alfuzosin treatment did not induce DNA repair in a human
cell line.
There was no evidence of reproductive organ toxicity when male rats
were given alfuzosin at daily oral (gavage) doses of up to 250 mg/kg/day
for 26 weeks, which corresponds to levels of exposure several hundred
times that in humans. No impairment of fertility was observed following
oral (gavage) administration to male rats at doses of up to 125 mg/kg/day
for 70 days. Estrous cycling was inhibited in rats and dogs at doses
of 25 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, corresponding to levels of
systemic exposure (based on AUC of unbound drug) 12- and 18-fold higher,
respectively, than in humans, although this did not result in impaired
fertility in rats.
Pregnancy
Teratogenic Effects, Pregnancy and Lactation Category B.
UROXATRAL
is not indicated for use in women.
There was no evidence of teratogenicity or embryotoxicity in rats
at maternal (oral gavage) doses up to 250 mg/kg/day, corresponding
to systemic exposure levels 1,200-fold higher than in humans. In
rabbits, up to the dose of 100 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the
clinical dose by body surface area) given orally (via gavage), no
evidence of fetal toxicity or teratogenicity was seen.
Gestation was
slightly prolonged in rats with a maternal dose >5 mg/kg/day (oral
gavage), which corresponds to systemic exposure levels (based on AUC
of unbound drug) 12 times higher than human exposure levels, but there
were no difficulties with parturition.
Nursing Mothers
UROXATRAL is not
indicated for use in women.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
The incidence of treatment-emergent
adverse events has been ascertained from 3 placebo-controlled clinical
trials involving 1,608 men in which daily doses of 10 and 15 mg alfuzosin
were evaluated. In these 3 trials, 473 men received UROXATRAL (alfuzosin
HCl 10 mg extended-release tablets). In these studies, 4% of patients
taking UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl extended-release tablets) 10 mg tablets
withdrew from the study due to adverse events, compared with 3% in
the placebo group.
Table 4 summarizes the treatment-emergent adverse events that occurred
in =2% of patients receiving UROXATRAL, and at an incidence
numerically higher than that of the placebo group. In general, the
adverse events seen in long-term use were similar in type and frequency
to the events described below for the 3-month trials.
Table 4 — Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
Occurring in =2% of UROXATRAL-Treated Patients and More Frequently
than with Placebo in 3-Month Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies
| Adverse Event |
Placebo (n=678) |
UROXATRAL (n=473) |
|---|
| Dizziness |
19 (2.8%) |
27 (5.7%) |
| Upper respiratory tract infection |
4 (0.6%) |
14 (3.0%) |
| Headache |
12 (1.8%) |
14 (3.0%) |
| Fatigue |
12 (1.8%) |
13 (2.7%) |
The following adverse
events, reported by between 1% and 2% of patients receiving UROXATRAL
and occurring more frequently than with placebo, are listed alphabetically
by body system and by decreasing frequency within body system:
Body as a whole: pain
Gastrointestinal
system: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, constipation, nausea
Reproductive system: impotence
Respiratory system: bronchitis, sinusitis,
pharyngitis
Signs and Symptoms of Orthostasis in Clinical
Studies: The adverse events related to orthostasis that
occurred in the double-blind phase 3 studies with alfuzosin 10 mg
are summarized in Table 5. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients in
these studies were taking antihypertensive medication.
Table 5 —
Number (%) of Patients with Symptoms Possibly Associated with Orthostasis
in 3-Month Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies
| Symptoms |
Placebo (n=678) |
UROXATRAL (n=473) |
|---|
| Dizziness |
19 (2.8%) |
27 (5.7%) |
| Hypotension or postural hypotension |
0 |
2 (0.4%) |
| Syncope |
0 |
1 (0.2%) |
Multiple testing for blood
pressure changes or orthostatic hypotension was conducted in the three
controlled studies at each scheduled clinic visit (Days 14, 28, 56,
and 84). Patients with a decrease in systolic blood pressure of >20
mm Hg after 2 minutes standing following being supine were excluded
from the three trials. These tests were considered positive for blood
pressure decrease if (1) supine systolic blood pressure was =90
mm Hg, with a decrease =20 mm Hg versus baseline, and/or (2)
supine diastolic blood pressure was =50 mm Hg, with a decrease=15 mm Hg versus baseline. The tests were considered positive
for orthostatic hypotension if there was a decrease in systolic blood
pressure of =20 mm Hg upon standing from the supine position
during the orthostatic tests. According to these definitions, decreased
systolic blood pressure was observed in none of the 674 placebo patients
and 1 (0.2%) of the 469 UROXATRAL patients. Decreased diastolic blood
pressure was observed in 3 (0.4%) of the placebo patients and in 4
(0.9%) of the UROXATRAL patients. A positive orthostatic test was
seen in 52 (7.7%) of placebo patients and in 31 (6.6%) of the UROXATRAL
patients.
No vital
sign measurements were obtained following first dose administration
in the phase 3 studies, except for a subset of patients in study 1
who had blood pressure measurements 12 to 16 hours after the first
dose to assess the potential to produce orthostatic hypotension.
None of these 35 UROXATRAL treated patients showed a positive test
for systolic, diastolic or orthostatic blood pressure change.
Post-Marketing Adverse Event Reports
In addition to adverse
events reported from clinical trials, the following events have been
reported from worldwide post-marketing experience with UROXATRAL:
rash, urticaria, angioedema, pruritis, rhinitis, tachycardia, chest
pain, priapism, diarrhea, flushing, edema, angina pectoris in patients
with pre-existing coronary artery disease.
During cataract surgery, a variant of small pupil syndrome known
as Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) has been reported in
some patients on or previously treated with alpha-1 blockers (see PRECAUTIONS).
OVERDOSAGE
Should overdose of UROXATRAL
(alfuzosin HCl extended-release tablets) lead to hypotension, support
of the cardiovascular system is of first importance. Restoration
of blood pressure and normalization of heart rate may be accomplishedby keeping the patient in the supine position. If this measure is
inadequate, then the administration of intravenous fluids should be
considered. If necessary, vasopressors should then be used, and the
renal function should be monitored and supported as needed. Alfuzosin
is 82% to 90% proteinbound; therefore, dialysis may not be of benefit.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The recommended dosage is
one 10 mg UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl extended-release tablets) tablet
daily to be taken immediately after the same meal each day. The tablets
should not be chewed or crushed.
HOW SUPPLIED
UROXATRAL (alfuzosin HCl
extended-release tablets) 10 mg is available as a round, three-layer
tablet: one white layer between two yellow layers, debossed with X10.
UROXATRAL is supplied as follows:
| Package |
NDC Number |
|---|
| Bottles of 30 |
0024-4200-30 |
| Bottles of 100 |
0024-4200-10 |
| Hospital Unit Dose (blister packs containing 10 cards of 10 tablets
each) |
0024-4200-20 |
Store at 25°C (77°F);
excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F)
[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Protect from light and moisture.
Keep UROXATRAL out of reach of children.
sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC
Bridgewater, NJ 08807
UROXATRAL® is a registered trademark of sanofi-aventis
U.S. LLC.
Revised June
2007
Patient Information
UROXATRAL®
(Alfuzosin hydrochloride
extended-release tablets)
Read the Patient
Information that comes with UROXATRAL before you start using it and
each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This leaflet
does not take the place of talking with your doctor about your condition
or your treatment. You and your doctor should talk about all your
medicines, including UROXATRAL, now and at your regular checkups.
What is the most important information I should know
about UROXATRAL?
UROXATRAL can cause:
- a sudden drop in blood pressure, especially
when you start treatment. This may lead to fainting, dizziness, or
lightheadedness. Do not drive, operate machinery, or do any dangerous
activities until you know how UROXATRAL affects you. This is especially
important if you already have a problem with low blood pressure or
take medicines to treat high blood pressure. If you begin to feel
dizzy or lightheaded, lie down with your legs and feet up, and if
your symptoms do not improve call your doctor.
What is UROXATRAL?
UROXATRAL is a prescription
medicine that is called an "alpha-blocker". UROXATRAL is used in
adult men to treat the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
UROXATRAL may help to relax the muscles in the prostate and the bladder
which may lessen the symptoms of BPH and improve urine flow.
Before prescribing UROXATRAL,
your doctor may examine your prostate gland and do a blood test called
a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test to check for prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer and BPH can cause the same symptoms. Prostate cancer
needs a different treatment.
UROXATRAL is not for use in women or children.
Some medicines called "alpha-blockers" are used to treat high blood
pressure. UROXATRAL has not been studied for the treatment of high
blood pressure.
Who
should not take UROXATRAL?
Do not take UROXATRAL
if you:
- have liver problems
- are taking antifungal drugs like ketoconazole or HIV drugs called
protease inhibitors
- are already taking an alpha-blocker for either high blood pressure
or prostate problems
- are a woman
- are a child under the age of 18
- are allergic to UROXATRAL The active ingredient is alfuzosin
hydrochloride. See the end of this leaflet for a complete list of
ingredients in UROXATRAL.
Before taking UROXATRAL,
tell your doctor:
- if you have liver problems
- if you have kidney problems
- if you or any family members have a rare heart condition known
as congenital prolongation of the QT interval.
- about all the medicines you take, including prescription and
non-prescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements. Some
of your other medicines may affect the way you respond or react to
UROXATRAL.
- if you have had low blood pressure, especially after taking
another medicine. Signs of low blood pressure are fainting, dizziness,
and lightheadedness.
- if you have a heart problem called angina (pain in your chest,
jaw, or arm).
What you need to know while taking UROXATRAL (alfuzosin
HCl) tablets
- If you have an eye surgery for cataract (clouding of the eye)
planned, tell your opthamologist that you are using UROXATRAL or have
previously been treated with an alpha-blocker.
How do I take UROXATRAL?
- Take UROXATRAL exactly as your doctor prescribes it.
- Take one UROXATRAL tablet after the same meal each day. UROXATRAL
should be taken just after eating food. Do not take it on an empty
stomach.
- Swallow the UROXATRAL tablet whole. Do not crush, split, or
chew UROXATRAL tablets.
- If you take too much UROXATRAL call your local poison control
center or emergency room right away.
What are the possible side effects of UROXATRAL?
The most common side effects with UROXATRAL are:
- dizziness
- headache
- tiredness
Call your doctor
if you get any side effect that bothers you.
These are not all the side effects of UROXATRAL. For more information
ask your doctor or pharmacist.
How
do I store UROXATRAL?
Store UROXATRAL between
59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C).
Protect from light and moisture.
Keep
UROXATRAL and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General
information about UROXATRAL:
Medicines are sometimes
prescribed for conditions that are not mentioned in patient information
leaflets. Do not use UROXATRAL for a condition for which it was not
prescribed. Do not give UROXATRAL to other people, even if they have
the same symptoms you have. It may harm them.
This leaflet summarizes the most important information about UROXATRAL.
If you would like more information, talk with your doctor. You can
ask your doctor or pharmacist for information about UROXATRAL that
is written for health professionals.
You may also visit our website at www.UROXATRAL.com or call 1-800-446-6267.
What are the ingredients of UROXATRAL?
Active Ingredient: alfuzosin hydrochloride
Inactive Ingredients: colloidal silicon
dioxide (NF), ethylcellulose (NF), hydrogenated castor oil (NF), hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose (USP), magnesium stearate (NF), mannitol (USP), microcrystalline
cellulose (NF), povidone (USP), and yellow ferric oxide (NF).
UROXATRAL® is a registered trademark of sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC.
sanofi-aventis
U.S. LLC
Bridgewater, NJ 08807
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Revised: 08/2007sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC